Condenser.



. H. L. BORGHBRS.

OONDENSEB.

APPLICATION rum) JULY 23, 1912.

1 1 1 7 1 61 Patented Nov. 17, 1914 3 SHEETSSHBET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTU-LITHQ, WASHINGTON. D. C,

H. L. BORGHERS.

connsnsm.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1912. 1,1 17,161. Patented N0v.17, 1914.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG I d I I 7///////// ////////////dl HERBERT L. BOBCHEBS, OF ST. LOUIS,MISSOURI.

CONDENSER.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT L. BonoHEns,

of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new anduseful Improve ments in Condensers, whereof the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Theinvention relates more particularly to ammonia condensers of thevertical type wherein the hot ammonia gas to be condensed is passedthrough vertical pipes and the cooling or condensing water or otherfluid is caused to pass around said pipes for the purpose of condensingor liquefying the hot ammonia gases.

An 01. iect of the invention is to provide a condenser which is soconstructed that the hot gases to be liquefied or condensed are passedin one way through the condenser, while the condensin or cooling fluidis passed in an opposite direction therethrough. i

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction whereinthe cooling or condensing fluid is caused to pass through and alsoaround the pipes containing the hot gases to be liquefied or cooled.

A further object of the invention is to provide a condenser which shallconsume comparatively small floor space, and wherein the cooling surfaceexposed to. the water or other liquid is relatively large in proportionto the size of the condenser.

These and other objects will in part be obvious, and will in part behereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings which show by way of illustration one embodiment of theinvention, Figure I, is a plan view of a condenser embodying myimprovements, with the top or cover removed. Fig. II, is a staggeredvertical sectional view on Fig. I. Fig. III, is a horizontal sectionalview on the line III, III, of Fig. II. Fig. IV, is a sectional viewthrough one of the headers as indicated by the line IV, IV, of Fig. I.Fig. V, is a detail showing a modified form wherein means is providedfor compressing the packing about the outer conveying pipes.

In carrying out the invention, I have provided a condenser whichconsists of a bottom portion and a top portion intermediate which areplaced two headers whichfare connected with pipes so disposed relativeSpecification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 23, 1312. SerialNo. 711,066.

the line II, II, of

Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

toopenings in the headers, that the gases to be cooled or condensed maybe passed from one header through pipes into and out of theother header.I

Th invention further consists in pipes which extend through bothheaders, and are located centrally of the pipes connecting the headersso that a cooling fluid may be passed from one end of'the condenser tothe other through the pipes conveying thegas to be liquefied or cooled.

The condenser consists further of an outer shell or casing tom and topportions of the condenser. The headers are also provided with openingsor ports which allow the water or other cooling fluid, to pass fromheader to the other, so that said cooling fluid may circulate about theouter surface of the pipes conveying the gas to be cooled or condensed.v

Referring more in detail to the drawings, my improved condenser consistsof a bottom or supporting base 1, which is formed with a projectingflange 2. A. cylindrical outer casing 3, which may be of galvanizedsheet iron or of steel, is-formedwith an outerwardly turned flange 4:,at its lower end, which seats on a gasket 5, resting onthe flange 2.Suitable bolts 6, secure a clamping ring 7, against the outwardly turnedflange of the casing 3, and hold the same firmly clamped on the flange2. A cover 8, which is preferably of cast iron, outwardly projectingflange 9. The upper end of the casing 3, is turned outwardly as at 10,and the cover rests on a gasket 11, which in turn rests on the outwardlyturned flange 10, of the casing. A clamping ring 12, rests against theoutwardly turned portion 10, and is clamped to the top by suitable bolts13. Aninlet pipe 14, is connected to a passage 15, which leads to arecess or chamber 16, formed in the upper inner face of the bottom ofthe condenser. An outlet pipe 17, connects with apassage 18, which leadsto a recess or chamber19, formed in the lower face of the top 8, of thecondenser 1 Located adjacent the bottom of the condenser and supportedthereby, is a header 20. This header is preferably formed of cast iron,and is so constructed as to vbe provided with a central recess orchamber 21, a series of openings 22, which lead from which is connectedto the botis formed with anone side of each the upper face of the headerto the recess or chamber 21, and a series of openings 23, which leadfrom the lower face of the header to the recess or chamber 21, therein.The openings 23, are slightly smaller in diameter than the openings 22.A second header 24, is located adjacent the upper part of the condenser,and is similar in construction to the header at the lower part thereof.That is to say, said upper header has a central chamber 21, and aplurality of openings 22, which extend through the lower face thereof,and a plurality of openings 23, which extend through the upper face ofthe header. Surrounding the openings 22, on each header, are spacedannular ribs 25, and 26. A pipe 27, is located concentric with eachopening and has its free ends disposed between the annular ribs 25, and26. A packing 28, is placed between the end of the pipe and the pocketor seat formed by the ribs 25, and 26. A pipe 29, passes centrallythrough each opening 22, and also through each opening 23. The outer endof each pipe is threaded as at 30, and a nut 31, is screwed on to theend thereof. The outer face of the header is formed with an annular rib32, which surrounds each opening 23, and said rib 32, is spaced from theopening so as to form a seat for a packing ring 33. The nuts 31, whenscrewed on to the ends of the pipes, will draw the headers toward eachother so that the ends of the pipes 27, will be seated between the ribs25, and 26, and the nuts will seat against the packing 33, so that bothpipes will have a water-tight connection with the headers. The pipe 29,is of smaller diameter than the diameter of the opening 22, so that afree space is formed for the passage of the gas or liquid contained inthe chamber in one header, through the pipe into the chamber in theother header. The upper header 24, is provided with an intake pipe 34,which connects with a passage 35, leading to the chamber 21, in theheader. The lower header 20, is provided with an outlet pipe 36, whichis of smaller diameter than the intake pipe 34. This outlet pipe 36,connects with a passage 37, leading to the chamber 21, in the lowerheader. Each of the headers is provided with spaced outwardly projectingribs 38, (see Fig. I), and as the outer casing 3, engages said ribs, aplurality of passages 39, extending from the one side to the other side,of each header, will be formed. The lower header is supported on anannular seat 40, formed in the base or bottom of the condenser, and aseries of ports 41, connect the recess or chamber 16, formed in thebottom with passages 39, leading through the lower header.

In order to further facilitate the passage of the water or other coolingfluid from the chamber in the top and bottom of the condenser to thechamber in and about the pipes 27, I have provided each header with aplurality of ports 42, which extend from one face of the header to theother, and are formed by casting the header with vertical walls 43,which surround said openings 42. These parts are clearly shown in Figs.III, and IV.

From the above description, it will be apparent that I have provided acondenser wherein the hot gases to be cooled or liquefied, may bereceived through a pipe 34, into the chamber of the upper header, andcaused to pass through the openings 22, into the pipe 27, and thus intothe chamber 21, of the lower header, and thence through the outlet pipe36. The cooling or condensing water is led through the condenser in theopposite direction, the intake being through the pipe 14, into thechamber 16, and from the chamber 16, through the pipes 29, which passcentrally through the pipes 27, to the chamber 19, in the top of thecondenser, and thence to the outlet pipe 17. The cooling or condensingwater will also pass through the ports 41, and the passages 39, and alsothe openings 42, and about the pipe 27, and thence through the upperheader and around the upper header to the chamber 19.

In Fig. V, of the drawings, I have shown. a slightly modified form ofthe invention, in that T have provided the outer pipes 27, with athreaded portion 44, adjacent the end thereof, which is adapted toreceive a threaded nut The openings in the head.- ers are slightlyenlarged and the pipe 27, extends into these openings. A seat is formedinside of the annular rib 25, or the packing ring 28. The threaded nut45, engages with the packing ring, and compresses it against the seat.This threaded nut serves as a means for securing the packing and also asa means for sustaining the pipe 27.

While I have described the pipe 34, as an inlet pipe and the pipe 36, asan outlet pipe, so that the hot gases to be cooled or liquefied may passinto the upper chamber or header of the condenser, and out through thelower header, it will be obvious that the gases to be cooled orliquefied may be caused to enter through the lower header, and leavethrough the upper header. The same is true of the cooling fluid. It maybe caused to pass in the opposite direction through the condenser. Thehot gases are therefore, surrounded by the cooling fluid and the coolingfluid also passes centrally through the tubes containing the hot gases,and therefore, I am able to secure a double cooling of feet on theheated gases. It will be apparent from the above description that I haveprovided a condenser wherein a comparatively small amount of floor spaceis consumed and at the same time through the double cooling action ofthe cooling fluid, I am able to secure an unusually eflicient coolingaction, as I have provided a very large cooling surface which is exposedto the coolmg or condensing fluid.

It is obvious that minor changes in the details of construction andarrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit ofthe invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim: i 1. In a condenser, thecombination with a base having a chamber formed in its upper face andprovided with an inlet for the cooling fluid communicating with saidchamber, a correspondingly formed cover having a chamber formed in itsunderfacc and pro vided with an outlet for the cooling fluid, a cylinderextending between the base and cover and secured'thereto, spaced upperand lower hollow headers disposed within the cylinder and spacedtherefrom to provide passages leading from the chambers around theheaders to the cylinder, said upper and lower hollow headers beingformed with inlet and outlet openings for the fluid to be cooled, with aseries of pipesconnecting the headers.

2. In a condenser, the combination with a base having a chamber formedin its upper face and provided with aninlet for the cooling fluidcommunicating with said chamber, of a cylinder supported on said base, acover supported on said cylinder having a chamber formed in its underface, and provided with an outlet for the cooling fluid, upper and lowerhollow headers disposed within the cylinder and respectively formed withinlet and outlet openings for the fluid to be cooled, pipes connectingsaid headers for directing the fluid to be cooled from one header to theother, and pipes extending through the first mentioned pipes and com-Copies of this patent may be obtained for municating with the chambersof the base and cover for directing the cooling fluid from one chamberthrough the fluid to be cooled to the other chamber, the base andheaders being-respectively formed with communicating passages to conducta part of the cooling fluid from one chamber to the other.

3. A condenserincluding in combination, a base havinga chamber therein,an intake pipe for said chamber, a casing mounted on said base, a topmounted on said casing and having a chamber formed therein, an outletpipe connected with the chamber, a header resting on the base and havinga chamber therein connected with an outlet pipe, an upper headeradjacent the top and havlng a chamber therein connected with an intankepipe, the adjacent faces of said headers having openings formedtherethrough, and annular spaced ribs surround ing the openings, pipeshaving their ends placed between the ribs on the adjacent faces of theheaders, pipes passing through the headers and located centrally of thefirst named pipes, said pipes being smaller than the openings in theheaders, nuts threaded on said last named pipes for forcing one headertoward another and clamping the same against said first named pipes,said headers having passages formed therethrough, whereby the coolingfluid will pass from the chamber in the bottom, through the header, andalso through the central pipes to the chamber in the top of thecondenser.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at St. Louis,Missouri, this 18th day of July, 1912.

HERBERT L. BORCHERS.

Witnesses:

FRED EOKERT,

E. J. BICKEL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington,D. 0.

